Suspending or expelling a student is a serious disciplinary action that can have long-lasting negative effects on a student’s life. In an effort to support students and reduce the need for exclusionary discipline, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has updated its policy statement to recommend a trauma-informed approach.
The updated policy statement, titled “School Suspension and Expulsion,” was published during the AAP 2024 National Conference & Exhibition. This marks the first update to AAP guidance since 2013 and reflects the latest evidence in the field. The policy emphasizes the need to move away from zero-tolerance policies that have led to an increase in exclusionary practices over the years.
Research has shown that suspensions and expulsions do not necessarily lead to improved behavior, as evidenced by the fact that 28% of students suspended in the 2020-2021 school year had been suspended more than once. Additionally, the policy highlights the disproportionate impact of exclusionary discipline practices on marginalized communities, including students with disabilities and LGBTQ+ students.
The AAP recommends a collaborative effort among students, families, pediatric health care providers, educators, and those involved in juvenile justice reform to create alternatives to exclusionary discipline practices. Pediatricians are urged to advocate for increased access to mental health services for all students and support legislation that ensures suspended or expelled students continue to receive education through remote learning or other means.
Schools are encouraged to collect and analyze internal data on exclusionary discipline practices to identify areas for improvement. It is also essential for school administration to take a trauma-informed approach and adapt policies to better serve students who have experienced trauma.
In conclusion, the AAP’s updated policy statement on school suspension and expulsion underscores the importance of creating supportive learning environments for all students. By taking a multidisciplinary and trauma-informed approach, schools can work towards keeping children safe and engaged in their education. It is crucial for all stakeholders to be informed about the disparities in exclusionary discipline practices and work together to implement positive changes in the education system.
