Plantain Plants Found to have Potential in Treating Chronic Lyme Disease
In Estonia, the traditional practice of using plantain leaves to aid in wound healing has been validated by scientific research. Plantain plants, specifically broadleaf plantain (Plantago major) and ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata), have been found to possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. A recent study conducted by researchers at Tallinn University of Technology has revealed that compounds present in plantains may also be effective against the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease.
Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria transmitted through tick bites, is becoming increasingly prevalent in Estonia. With a growing number of ticks carrying the bacteria, the risk of contracting Lyme disease is higher in both rural and urban areas. Early symptoms of Lyme disease include a characteristic red rash and flu-like symptoms, but in some cases, the rash may not appear, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. If left untreated, Lyme disease can progress to a chronic inflammatory condition, affecting various bodily systems.
Chronic Lyme disease, which affects a significant percentage of patients who do not fully recover with antibiotics, presents long-term symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, cognitive impairment, and neurological issues. The persistence of the bacteria is thought to be due to their ability to form biofilms, protective structures that help them evade the immune system.
The research conducted by the Tallinn University of Technology team focused on analyzing the potential of plantain extracts in inhibiting the growth of B. burgdorferi bacteria and preventing biofilm formation. Chemical analysis of plantain samples revealed high levels of polyphenols, known for their antioxidant properties. Freshly collected plantain plants exhibited stronger antioxidant activity compared to commercially available dried samples, with distinct bioactive compounds such as plantamajoside and acteoside showing antimicrobial effects.
The study demonstrated that plantain extracts from both species inhibited the growth of B. burgdorferi bacteria by up to 85%, suggesting their potential as a natural treatment option. Furthermore, the extracts were found to reduce biofilm formation by up to 30%, indicating a dual mechanism of action against the bacteria.
These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of plantain plants in treating chronic Lyme disease and warrant further investigation into their bioactive compounds. With ongoing research, plantain could emerge as a valuable resource in the development of future treatment options for this challenging condition. This breakthrough adds to the growing body of knowledge on medicinal plants and their potential in combating chronic diseases.
Source:
Pille-Riin Laanet et al, Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata Exhibit Antioxidant and Borrelia burgdorferi Inhibiting Activities, International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2024). DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137112
Provided by Estonian Research Council
