Prediabetes is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide, where blood sugar levels are elevated but do not meet the criteria for diabetes. It often goes undetected for a long time, as there are usually no symptoms initially. However, if left untreated, there is a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, which can lead to serious complications like cardiovascular disease or cancer.
Traditionally, weight loss has been the primary focus for individuals with prediabetes to reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, a recent study conducted by researchers from the University Hospital of Tübingen, Helmholtz Munich, and the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) has shown that bringing blood sugar levels back to normal through a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, even without weight loss.
The study followed over 1100 participants, some of whom did not lose weight or even gained weight over a year but still managed to normalize their blood sugar levels. These individuals were up to 71% less likely to develop diabetes, similar to those who were able to reduce their risk through weight loss. The analysis also highlighted the importance of fat distribution, particularly visceral fat, in relation to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk.
According to Prof. Dr. Andreas Birkenfeld, the study leader, restoring normal blood sugar levels is crucial in preventing type 2 diabetes, regardless of weight loss. He emphasized that exercise and a balanced diet can have a positive impact on blood sugar levels, independent of weight reduction. The study suggests that guidelines for preventing type 2 diabetes should include blood glucose control and fat distribution patterns, in addition to weight targets.
The findings of this study underscore the importance of focusing on prediabetes remission as a way to prevent future type 2 diabetes, highlighting that weight loss is not the only factor at play. While weight loss can be beneficial, maintaining normal blood sugar levels through lifestyle changes is key in reducing diabetes risk. Overall, physical activity and a balanced diet remain essential in managing prediabetes and preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes.
