Atherosclerosis is a common condition that affects the cardiovascular system, particularly the arteries. When atherosclerosis occurs in the coronary arteries, which supply the heart with blood, it can lead to serious complications such as angina pectoris or even a heart attack. Managing risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, such as high cholesterol levels, is crucial in preventing these life-threatening events.
Recent research has shown promising results in the fight against atherosclerosis. A study conducted by a Mount Sinai researcher analyzed the effects of an RNA inhibitor called olpasiran on a type of “bad cholesterol” known as lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. High levels of Lp(a) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, making it a key target for treatment.
The study found that higher doses of olpasiran were able to significantly reduce Lp(a) levels by more than 95% in individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. These findings were published in the prestigious medical journal JAMA Cardiology on February 12, 2025, shedding light on a potential new treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.
Dr. Robert Rosenson, a Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the lead author of the study, highlighted the novel mechanism of action of olpasiran. By targeting oxidized phospholipids on Lp(a) and inflammatory mediators, olpasiran not only lowered Lp(a) levels but also reduced the levels of oxidized phospholipids that are known to promote atherosclerosis.
Lipoprotein(a) is believed to play a crucial role in transporting oxidized phospholipids, which can trigger inflammation and contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Olpasiran, as a small interfering RNA, works by blocking the production of Lp(a) through the degradation of apolipoprotein(a) messenger RNA (mRNA), offering a targeted approach to reducing cardiovascular risk in individuals with atherosclerosis.
These findings open up new possibilities for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis, offering hope for individuals at high risk of cardiovascular events. Further research and clinical trials will be needed to validate these results and explore the long-term effects of olpasiran on cardiovascular health.
