Living in a walkable, green, and well-connected neighborhood could be the key to protecting against memory and cognitive decline, according to a recent study conducted by researchers from the Center for Healthy Brain Aging (CHeBA) at UNSW Sydney and the Australian Catholic University (ACU). The study, published in Alzheimer’s and Dementia, followed over 1,000 adults aged 70 and older for nearly 14 years to investigate the factors that predict cognitive stability, decline, and improvement.
The findings revealed that individuals living in densely populated, greener areas with access to services were less likely to develop dementia. On the other hand, those exposed to higher levels of air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), were more likely to experience cognitive decline. The study emphasized the importance of supportive neighborhoods that encourage activity, reduce stress, and offer better air quality in protecting the aging brain.
Access to public transport, parkland, and blue spaces was also found to be linked to a greater chance of recovering from mild cognitive impairment. This suggests that even in later life, living in the right environment can offer a second chance for cognitive improvement.
The research highlights the potential for urban planning and environmental policy to shape brain health outcomes at a population level. The Co-Directors of CHeBA, Professor Perminder Sachdev and Professor Henry Brodaty, noted that the results were the culmination of nearly two decades of work. They also announced the launch of a new follow-up study, MAS2, in 2023, to explore environmental effects on a new generation of older Australians.
With over 200 scientific publications generated from the study, this research adds to the growing recognition that healthy aging is influenced not only by genetics and lifestyle but also by the environment in which individuals live. The study underscores the importance of creating supportive and stimulating environments for older adults to promote cognitive health and overall well-being.
